Stratum I
Stratum VI
Stratum XII
Stratum XIII
Stratum XIV
Stratum XIVC was an earlier version of Stratum XIVB room with the same walls A8023, A8025, A8062, A8064, and B8040, but with earth surface A8057 directly below Stratum XIVB surface A8048. Installation A80056, bin A8055, and an earlier (wider) version of bench A8045 were also used in this phase XIVC. A localized re-surfacing of floor A8057 provided a minor sub-phase to Stratum XIVC.
The same walls A8023, A8025, A8062, A8064, and B8040 were in use in Stratum XIVC2, along with installations A8055, A8045, and A8056. Surface A8057 included a shallow, rounded pit A8061 (which was later filled in the subsequent re-surfacing of the room in Stratum XIVB).
South of wall A8025 surface A8044 was contemporary to surface A8057. A short segment of cobbles A8049 had been set into surface A8044. West of wall A8023 surface A8042 was also contemporary to this phase.
Preparation for the costruction of the Stratum XIVD room included a wide foundation trench for wall A8025, but which probably also scooped away a large portion of ash A8033 to create a level spot for the entire room.
Stratum XV
A 1.5 m. X 1.5 m. probe A8067 was excavated through the ash to reach living surfaces below. Characteristic of the ash deposit 8036 excavated in Areas 8 and 9, the ash deposits of locus A8067 slope down from the southwest. The ash deposit A8067 was found to be approximatel 2 meters deen in Area A8. All of the ash, with the possible exception of the lowest few centimeters above surface A8068, had been secondarily deposited. A testing of the depositions, as indicated by the major separations of the striations, concluded that the means of deposition was natural (rainwater runoff and wind).
The architecture of Stratum XV itself as found below the ash deposit A8067 indicates three phases of building. The curtain wall A8076 (same as N7004, 7008, and 8063) in Area A8 was used with three superimposed surfaces, A8068, A8070, and A8071.
In Area A8 the final alignment of architecture at the time of the destruction of the Early Bronze III town by fire was represented by the curtain wall A8076 and earth surface A8068. Because floor A8068 was exposed in a narrow (1.5 m. X 1.5 m.) probe, little could be determined about function or association with other fortification architecture. However, since the fortification components found in Field I are located low on the slope of the hill, it may be presumed that an entrance through the curtain wall was protected here, suggesting that surface A8068 may have been a street or alley leading into the interior of the town.
Stratum XVB in Area A8, likewise, consisted of curtain wall A8076 and pebble surface A8070. Occupationa debris A8069 had accumulated on surface A8070, perhaps warranting a re-surfacing of the street/pathway.
The earliest phase of Stratum XV in Area A8 was represented by curtain wall A8076 and earth surface A8071. Two sets of construction fill A8072 and A8073 were used to prepare for the building of surface A8071; these were set into cavities or low points on the underlying bedrock of the hill, which had been cleared of all soil before building the fortification system.
Locus List Field I Area A8
Locus Phase DescriptionA8001 I Slope debris A8002 I Wall A8003 VI Wall A8004 I Debris beneath wall A8002 A8005 XII Wall end A8006 XII Wall A8007 I Brick debris A8008 Canceled; combined with A8007 A8009 VI Surface A8009.1 VI Debris of surface A8009 A8010 VI Surface A8010.1 VI Debris of surface A8010 A8011 pre VI Rockfall debris A8012 XII Surface A8012.1 XII Debris of surface A8012 A8013 pre VI Debris beneath wall A8003 A8014 XII Bin A8015 pre XII Fill?? A8016 XII Installation “table” A8017 pre XII Debris beneath wall A8005 A8018 pre XII Debris beneath wall A8006 A8019 post XIII Brick detritus A8020 Canceled; combined with A8001 A8021 XIIIA Surface A8021.P XIIIA A8021.1 XIIIA Debris of surface A8021 A8022 XIII Wall A8023 XIII-XIV Wall A80024 XIII Plaster surface A8025 XIII-XIV Wall A8026 XIIIA Surface A8026P XIIIA A8026.1 XIIIA Debris of surface A8026 A8027 XIII Brick platform A8028 XIII Brick installation or buttress A8029 XIII Wall A8030 XIII Surface A8031 post XIV Debris A8032 I Gravel debris A8033 XV Ash deposit A8034 Canceled; combined with A8033 A8035 XV Surface of “guardroom” A8035.P XV A8036 XIII Installation A8037 XV Wall of “guardroom” A8038 XIII Foundation for wall A8022 A8039 post XIV Debris A8040 post XIV Debris A8041 post XIV Rockfall A8042 XIV Surface A8043 XIVAB Surface A8043.1 XIVAB Debris of surface A8043 A8044 XIVC Surface A8044.P XIVC A8044.1 XIVC Debris of surface A8044 A8045 XIVBCD Bench along wall A8023 A8046 Canceled; combined with A8019 A8047 XIVA Midden deposit A8048 XIVB Plaster surface A8048.P XIVB A8048.1 XIVB Debris of surface A8048 A8049 XIVC Cobbles, part of surface A8044 A8050 Canceled; combined with A8033 A8051 Canceled; combined with A8047 A8052 Canceled; combined with A8001 A8053 Canceled; combined with A8001 A8054 I Pit A8055 XIVBCD Bin A8056 XIVB Installation of pot in floor A8057 XIVC Surface A8057.P XIVC A8057.1 XIVC Debris of surface A8057 A8058 XIVC Localized re-surfacing of A8057 A8058.1 XIVC Debris of surface A8058 A8059 XIVD Surface A8059.1 XIVD Debris of surface A8059 A8060 Canceled; combined with A8033 A8061 XIVC Pit in surface A8057 A8062 XIVBCD Wall A8063 XIVD Cobbles on floor A8064 XIVBCD Wall A8065 XIVD2 Tabun A8066 XIV Probable surface seen in West balk A8067 post XV Ash (=A8033) A8068 XVA Surface A8068.1 XVA Debris of surface A8068 A8069 post XVB Ashy debris/fill A8070 XVB Surface A8070.1 XVB Debris of surface A8070 A8071 XVC Surface A8071.1 XVC Debris of surface A8071 A8072 pre XVC Debris fill A8073 pre XVC Fill A8074 Bedrock A8075 Canceled; combined with A8067 A8076 XB Fortification wall
Locus Summary Area A8
Locus Stratum Description/Artifacts A8001 Str. I Slope wash debris across entire area. Located 5.0 m. from the West balk and 5.0 m. from the North balk. At top levels 483.74 m. (SW), 483.76 m. (NW), 482.30 m. (SE), 481.90 m. (NE) to 483.56 m. (SW), 483.39 m., 481.80 m. (SE), 481.35 above A8007, A8002, A8003,A8005, A8006, A8011, A8019 and defensive wall A7006. This debris slopes down sharply to the east. See Sections North, East, South. I.A8.1 6/21/79 Iron II UDNS MC 1538 bone Sample I.18.2 6/21/79 UDNS I.A8.3 6/21/79 Iron II UDNS I.A8.4 6/21/79 Iron II, Roman NS MC 1536 bone Sample MC 1547 lithic Sample MC 1504 metal frag discard I.A8.5 6/21/79 EB UDNS MC 1531 bone Sample MC 1539 lithic Sample I.18.6 6/22/79 Rom UDNS MC 1586 lithic sample I.A8.7 6/22/79 EB, Per UDNS MC 1583 lithic Sample I.A8.8 6/22/79 UDNS I.AB.9 6/22/79 Iron II, Byz NS MC 1558 bone Sample MC 1552 lithic Sample I.A8.10 6/22/79 EB, LB, Rom, Byz NS MC 1572 bone Sample MC 1574 lithic Sample I.A8.11 6/23/79 EB UD MC 1770 bone Sample MC 1735 lithic sample I.A8.12 6/23/79 EB, LB II, Iron II, Rom NS MC 1741 worked stone discard MC 1748 bone Sample MC 1668 lithic Sample I.A8.13 6/23/79 EB II NS I.A8.14 6/23/79 EB, LB II, Iron II, Hel? NS MC 1669 shell Sample MC 1747 bone Sample MC 1732 lithic Sample MC 1731 lithic Sample I.A8.15 6/23/79 EB, Iron II NS MC 1765 bone Sample MC 1769 bone Sample MC 1733 lithic Sample MC 1730 lithic Sample I.A8.16 6/23/79 EB + UDNS MC 1774 bone Sample I.A8.17 6/23/79 EB, Iron I NS MC 1767 bone sample MC 1729 lithic sample I.A8.18 6/24/79 EB, Iron I, Iron II Hel, Byz NS MC 1768 bone sample I.A8.19 6/24/79 EB UDNS MC 1745 bone sample MC 1731 lithic sample I.A8.36 7/1/79 EB, Iron II, Hel NS MC 1929 glass discard MC 1928 bone sample I.A8.73 7/24/79 EB NS MC 4016 bone sample I.A8.81 7/25/79 EB, Iron II NS MC 4086 lithic sample I.A8.96 7/15/80 EB, Rom NS MC 11991 bone sample MC 11992 lithic sample MC 11993 shell sample MC 11994 flint blade 11994, 11994A I.A8.100 7/16/80 EB, LB + UD NS MC 12551 bone sample MC 12552 lithic sample MC 12553 shell sample I.A8.111 7/17/80 EB, Iron II NS MC 12580 lithic sample MC 12581 bone sample I.A8.114 7/18/80 EB, Iron II, Rom NS MC 12582 loom weight Obj. 717 MC 12583 bone sample I.A8.120 7/20/80 EB, Per NS MC 13054 bone sample MC 13055 shell sample MC 13056 sea shell sample I.A8.122 7/20/80 EB, Iron II NS MC 13052 bone sample I.A8.130 7/21/80 EB, LB, Iron II NS MC 13068 shell sample MC 13069 bone sample MC 13070 lithic sample I.A8.131 7/21/80 EB, LB II NS MC 13071 bone sample MC 13072 lithic sample MC 13073 shell sample I.A8.132 7/22/80 EB, Iron II NS MC 13077 bone sample I.A8.137 7/23/80 EB, Iron II NS MC 13081 flint core Obj. 765 I.A8.138 7/23/80 EB III, Iron II NS I.A8.140 7/24/80 EB II UD NS I.A8.260 7/11/83 EB MC 19329 Bone sample MC 19330 Lithics 19330, 19330A, 19330B I.A8.264 7/11/83 EB, Iron II, PER MC 19334 Lithic sample I.A8.265 7/11/83 EB, LB, Iron I MC 19341 Bone sample MC 19342 Lithic sample MC 19343 Shell sample I.A8.266 7/12/83 EB, LB MC 19344 Soil Sample MC 19345 Bone sample MC 19346 Lithic sample MC 19347 Shell sample I.A8.272 7/13/83 EB, LB MC 19359 Bone sample MC 19360 Lithic sample MC 19361 Shell sample I.A8.273 7/13/83 EB, Iron II I.A8.275 7/13/83 EB, LB,Iron II MC 19365 bone sample MC 19366 Lithic sample I.A8.292 7/19/83 EB, PER MC 19415 Recent Reptile egg discard MC 19416 Bone sample MC 19417 Lithic sample MC 19418 Shell sample A8002 Str. I Wall constructed of boulder and cobble sized field stones, dry laid. In Area A8 preserved to a length of 1.45 m., width of 40 cm. (2 rows), height of 46 cm, (2 courses). Located 1.40 m. from the North balk and 95 cm. from the west balk. At top levels 483.92 m. (N), 483.81 m. (S) below A8001 to founding levels 483.46 m. (N), 483.43 m. (S.) above A8004. This wall slopes down to the southeast and was broken on its southern end. See Sections North, West; Plan 56; Photo 256, 270, 407. I.A8.20 6/24/79 no pottery A8003 Str. VI Wall constructed of boulder sized field stones, running from West to East across the area. The wall was dry laid, preserved to a length of 2.75 m., 70 cm. wide (3 rows), 48 cm. high (3-4 courses). Located between 27 cm. and 3.05 m. from the West balk and between 1.35 m. and 2.01 m. from the North balk (western end) and between 79 cm. and 1.48 m. from the North balk (eastern end). This wall probably appears again in the West balk, perhaps the break indicating an entrance through the wall. At top levels 482.95 m. (W), 482.66 m. (E) below L.A8001 to founding levels 482.67 m. (W), 482.56 m. (E) above A8013, wall A8005. Wall A8003 slopes to the east, following the contour of the tell. Debris A8001 ran to both faces of this wall; it was founded at the eastern extent on the top course of wall A8005. Surface A8009 (seen only in the northwest corner)ran to wall A8003 from the north; surface A8010 ran to it from the south. See Plan 6; Section West; Photo 255, 256 I.A8.38 7/3/79 EB II/III MC 1959 bone sample I.A8.43 7/3/79 EB II/III A8004 Str. I Debris beneath wall A8002, consisting of compacted brick detritus, heavy concentration of cobbles (70%). Part of a fill in preparation for building wall A8002. Located 1.50 m. from the North balk, 80 cm. from the West balk. At top level 483.46 m. below wall A8002 to 482.76 m. above surface A8009. This debris was placed also against the northern face of wall A8003. See Sections North, West. I.A8.22 6/27/79 EB II MC 1666 bone sample I.A8.26 6/27/79 EB UDNS MC 1762 bone sample I.A8.28 6/28/79 EB NS MC 1727 bone sample MC 1764 lithic sample A8005 Str. XII Wall of an EB house, constructed of roughly shaped boulder-sized field stones. The wall was dry laid, preserved to a length of 2.85 m. in Area A8 (seen also in the South balk of Area B8), a width of 60 cm. (2 rows wide, rubble core), a height of 30 cm. (1-2 courses). Located 2.87 m. from the North balk (but also seen the 1.0 m. width of the A8/B8 balk) and between 40 cm. and 1.40 m. from the East balk in a slightly NW-SE direction. At top levels 482.40 m. (N), 482.46 m. (S) below A8001, A8003 to foundation levels of 482.12 m. (N), 482.20 m. (S) above debris A8017 The wall includes a threshold with an upright stone on the northern side as part of an entrance doorway; the threshhold is located between 1.25 m. and 2.15 m. from the North balk. Surface A8012 runs to this wall from the west: wall A8006 abuts it also from the west. Wall A8003 was constructed in part on top of the earlier wall A8005. A foundation trench for wall A8005 was seen in the North balk. See Section North, B8South; Plan 50; Photo 255, 256, 270, 284. I.A8.71 7/24/79 EB UDNS I.A8.72 7/25/79 no pottery A8006 Str. XII House wall of EB building, constructed of cobble and boulder sized field stones. Preserved to a length of 2.35 m., a width of 54 cm. (2 rows, rubble core), a height of 31 cm. (1-2 courses). Located between 65 cm. and 1.54 m. from the South balk (at the western end) and between 1.20 m. and 1.77 m. from the South balk (at the eastern end) and between 45 cm. and 2.79 m. from the West balk. At top levels 482.68 m. (E), 483.05 m. (W) below A8001 to 482.46 m.(E), 482.87 m. (W) above A8018. Abuts wall A8005 from the west; surface A8012 runs to this wall from the north; bin A8014 was built against its north face. Debris A8007 lay against both faces. See Plan 50; Photo 255, 256, 270, 284. I.A8.82 7/26/79 EB UDNS A8007 Str. I Layer of brick detritus, compacted red_brown, yellow-brown clay, containing a few cobbles and boulders. Located 3.50 m. from the West balk and 3.10 m. from the South balk. At top levels 483.44 m. (W), 482.68 m. (N), 482.30 m. (SE) below A8001 to 482.58 m. (W), 482.39 m. (N), 482.84 m. (SE) above A8010, A8011, A8012. This debris rests against the faces of wall A8005 and wall A8006. Contains now A8008 which has been canceled. See Sections South, North, West. I.A8.21 6/27/79 EB II, Iron ? MC 1736 bone sample MC 1667 lithic sample I.A8.23 6/27/79 EB I/II, 1 Iron II MC 1670 bone sample MC 1744 bone sample MC 1734 lithic sample MC 1728 shell sample I.A8.24 6/27/79 EB II, Iron I MC 1771 bone sample MC 1726 lithic sample I.A8.25 6/27/79 EB NS MC 1761 bone sample MC 1743 lithic sample I.A8.27 6/27/79 EB, Iron II MC 1760 bone sample MC 1746 lithic sample MC 1766 lithic sample I.A8.29 6/28/79 EB NS MC 1725 bone sample I.A8.30 6/28/79 EB, Iron II, 1 later I.A8.31 6/28/79 2 EB, 2 Hel I.A8.33 7/1/79 EBII MC 1908 bone sample I.A8.35 7/1/79 EB II MC 1926 lithic sample I.A8.40 7/3/79 EB I, EB II/III NS MC 1957 bone sample I.A8.42 7/3/79 EB II/III I.A3.48 7/4/79 EB, MB, Iron II NS MC 2017 bone sample I.A8.51 7/4/79 EB II NS MC 2062 bone sample MC 2061 lithic sample I.A8.74 7/24/79 EB, Iron II NS MC 4005 bone sample I.A8.75 7/24/79 EB UDNS MC 4014 bone sample A8008 Canceled; combined with A8007 A8009 Str. VI Surface of compacted soil and clay, which was used with wall A8003. The surface was eroded at its eastern extent, only a small portion of it remaining intact in Area A8. Located 1.45 m. from the North balk up to wall A8003 and 10 cm. (S), 75 cm, (N) from the West balk. At top levels 483.15 m. (N), 483.14 m. (S) below debris A8004 above A8009.1. May have served as the surface for an opening through wall A8003 (see Plan 51). This surface was part of an architectural phase which included wall A8003 and surface A8O10. See Sections North, West; Plan 6. A8009.1 Str. VI Debris of surface A8009, consisting of compacted clay, pebbles. For dimensions see A8009 above. At top levels 483.15 m. (N), 483.14 m. (S) below A8009 to 482.97 m. (N). Runs to wall A8003 from the north. See Sections North, West. I.A8.32 6/29/79 EB NS MC 1810 bone sample A8010 Str. VI Surface of compacted yellow-brown clay and soil, constructed against wall A8003 from the south. The surface is even but has been eroded in its eastern extent. Located 1.75 m. from the West balk, 2.05 m. from the South balk to wall A8003. At top levels 483.02 m. (N), 482,99 m. (S) below A8007 and above A8010.1. Meets surface A8009 in an opening in wall A8003 (see Section W. Plan 51). This surface is probably the same as Area 8 surface 8029, thus connecting Areas 8 and A8 in a common architectural phase. See Sections South, West; Plan 6. A8010.1 Str. VI Debris of surface A8010, consisting of compacted yellow brown clay, pebbles, pottery, bones. For dimensions see A8010 above. At top levels 483.02 m. (N), 482.99 m. (S) below A8010 to 482.71 m., 482.61 m. above A8012. Runs to the southern face of wall A8003. See Sections South, West. I.A8.34 7/1/79 EB II NS MC 1907 bone sample I.A8.49 7/4/79 EB, MB IIA NS MC 2014 shell sample I.A8.52 7/4/79 EB UDNS MC 2057 bone sample MC 2060 7/5/79 EB II/III I.A8.54 7/5/79 EB II/III I.A8.55 7/5/79 EB II/III MC 2259 lithic sample MC 2138 bone sample A8011 pre VI Rockfall, fill, consisting of large concentration of cobbles and boulders (50-7O%) along North balk. Matrix was a partly compacted, partly silted clay-sand sized soil. Apparently deliberately set in as a preparation or buildup for surface A8009. Located 2.60 m. from the West balk and 75 cm. (E) and 1.40 m.(W) from the North balk. At top levels 482.76 m. (W), 482.39 m. (E) below A8009.1, A8001 to 482.66 m. (W), 482.33 m. (E) above surface A8012. The fill was laid against the west face of wall A8005 and against the lowest course of wall A8003. Surface A8009 was constructed above it. See Sections North, West. I.A8.37 7/1/79 EB II/III MC 19l9 lithic sample MC 1927 shell sample MC 1925 charcoal discard I.A8.39 7/3/79 EB II/III MC 1958 bone sample I.A8.41 7/3/79 EB II MC 1960 shell sample I.A8.46 7/4/79 EB II/III, MB II? MC 2019 lithic sample MC 2016 bone sample I.A8.50 7/4/79 EB II, Iron II NS MC 2059 bone sample MC 2058 lithic sample A8012 Str. XII Surface of compacted ash, clay, brick detritus; possibly a courtyard surface. The surface was even, but sloped down to the east. Constructed against and used with walls A8005, A8006. On this surface was smashed pottery, a flat, smooth stone A8016 used probably as a food preparation area, a few smooth stones used as pounders (MC 2207, 2418). Located 2.35 m. (E) and 2.50 m. (W) from the North balk and approximately 2.80 m. from the West balk. At top levels 482.21 m. (E), 482.39 m. (C), 482.47 m. (W) below A8011, A8013 and above A8012.1. Runs to wall A8005 and wall A8006; installation A8016 was placed on this surface. Runs to bin A8014. See Sections North, West; Plan 50; Photo 255, Photo 270, 284. A8012.P Str. XII Pottery and objects on Surface A8012. I.A8.44 7/3/79 EB II/III I.A8.57 7/11/79 EB II/III MC 2020 abraided stone Obj. 183 MC 2143 grinding stone Obj. 180 A8012.1 Str. XII Debris of Surface A8012, consisting of ash, compacted clay, brick detritus, few stones. There was a concentration of pebbles and cobbles in the center of this surface, suggesting a sump as part of the architectural features. For dimensions see A8012 above. At top levels 482.21 m. (E), 482.45 m. (W) below A8012 to 482.18 m. (E), 482.21 m. (W) above destruction debris A8015. This locus was built against walls A8005, A8006. See Sections North, West. I.A8.56 7/6/79 EB II/III MC 2207 basalt stone discard MC 2182 lithic sample MC 2177 bone sample I.A8.58 7/13/79 EB II/III MC 2419 lithic sample MC 2416 bone sample MC 2417 ballista Obj. 205 MC 2415 seeds sample MC 2418 ground pumice 2418, 2418A, 2418B A8013 Str. pre V/VI Debris sealed beneath wall A8003, consisting of red-brown, compacted clay with high concentration of cobbles (40%). Appears to be rockfall or preparation fill for wall A8003. Located between 27 cm. and 3.05 m. from the West balk and between 1.29 m. and 1.44 m. from the North balk. At top levels 482.56 m. (E), 482.67 m. (W) below A8003 to 482.33 m. (B), 482.54 m. (W) above surface A8012. Same material as A8011. See Section West. I.A8.45 7/3/79 EB II/III MC 1987 bone sample MC 1986 lithic sample I.A8.47 7/4/79 EB II/III MC 2018 bone sample MC 2014 lithic sample I.A8.53 7/5/79 EB II/III MC 2108 lithic sample A8014 Str. XII Storage bin (installation consisting of two rows of stones built against a wall) next to wall A8006. Consists of two parallel, short walls (two stones, east, seven stones, west) constructed against wall A8006. Measures 1.05 m. (N-S), 1.45 m. (E-W). Located between 55 em. and 2.0 m. from the West balk and between 1.80 m. and 2.25 m. from the North balk. At top levels 482.62 m. (E), 482.56 m. (W) below A8007 to 482.42 m. above surface A8012. This bin was probably used for the storage of dry goods. See Plan 50; Photo 270, 284. A8015 Str. pre XII Deep ash-filled pit across the area, filled with laminae of ash and water-laid brick detritus. It contained some collapsed mud brick and cobble-sized stones. At the bottom of the pit a thick layer of black ash separated pit from debris A8019 below. Located 3 m. from the North balk and 3.5 m. from the West balk. At top levels 482.40 m. (W.) 482.85 m. below A8012.1, A8005 to 481.91 m. (W), 481.28 m., 481.39 m. (E) above A8019. The pit appears to have been a steeply sloping cut down across the faces of walls A8022, A8025, bricks A8027 and wall A8023. It also cuts deeply into A8019. Cut by foundation trench for wall A8005. Includes A8020, which has been canceled. See Sections North, West. I.A8.59 7/13/79 EB II/III MC 2459 bone sample MC 2462 lithic sample I.A8.60 7/15/79 EB II, III MC 2619 bone sample MC 2618 lithic sample I.A8.61 7/18/79 EB II/III MC 2682 lithic sample MC 2683 bone sample I.A8.62 7/19/79 EB II/III NS MC 2743 bone sample MC 2744 lithic sample I.A8.63 7/19/79 EB II MC 2745 lithic sample I.A8.64 7/20/79 EB II, III NS MC 2876 bone, shell sample MC 2878 lithic sample I.A8.65 7/20/79 EB II, III MC 2873 bone sample MC 2877 lithic sample MC 2874 flint blade sample I.A8.66 7/21/79 EB II, III MC 2893 bone sample MC 2895 lithic sample I.A8.67 7/21/79 EB II, III MC 2968 bone sample MC 2928 lithic sample I.A8.68 7/22/79 EB II, III MC 2985 bone sample MC 2986 lithic sample I.A8.69 7/22/79 EB II, III MC 2987 bone sample I.A8.70 7/22/79 EB II, III MC 3078 bone sample I.A8.76 7/24/79 EB II, III MC 4015 lithic sample I.A8.78 7/25/79 EB II, III MC 4070 bone sample MC 4072 lithic sample MC 4073 partial blade sample I.A8.80 7/25/79 Chal NS MC 4075 bone sample MC 4074 lithic sample I.A8.84 7/10/80 EB UD NS MC 11618 bone sample MC 11619 shell sample MC 11950 lithic sample MC 11951 olive pits sample I.A8.85 7/10/80 EB UD NS MC 11952 bone sample MC 11953 lithic sample MC 11954 shell sample I.A8.86 7/10/80 EB NS MC 11955 lithic sample MC 11956 bone sample I.A8.87 7/11/80 EB II/III MC 11957 bone sample MC 11958 lithic sample MC 11959 shell sample MC 11960 seed sample I.A8.88 7/11/80 EB NS MC 11961 bone sample MC 11962 lithic sample I.A8.89 7/11/80 EB NS MC 11966 bone sample MC 11967 lithic sample MC 11969 shell sample I.A8.90 7/11/80 EB II/III NS MC 11965 tabun frag discard MC 11968 lithic sample I.A8.91 7/11/80 EB II NS MC 11970 bone sample MC 11971 lithic sample I.A8.92 7/14/80 EB II/III NS MC 11972 bone sample MC 11973 lithic sample MC 11974 lithic blade Obj. 685 MC 11975 olive pits sample MC 11976 blade frag. 11976, 11976A, 11976B MC 11977 shell sample I.A8.93 7/14/80 EB NS MC 11980 bone sample MC 11981 lithic 11981, 11981A MC 11982 olive pit sample I.A8.94 7/14/80 EB II UD NS MC 11985 lithic sample MC 11986 bone sample MC 11987 shell sample I.A8.95 7/14/80 EB NS MC 11978 worked flint sample MC 11979 olive seed sample MC 11983 lithic 11983, 11983A MC 11984 bone sample I.A8.97 7/15/80 EB I, EB II/III MC 11988 bone sample MC 11989 lithic sample MC 11990 shell sample I.A8.98 7/15/80 EB II/III + UD NS MC 11995 olive seed sample MC 11996 bone sample MC 11997 lithic sample MC 11998 shell sample A8016 Str. XII Flat, smooth stone used probably as a preparation "table" in association with surface A8012, walls A8005, A8006. Next to the stone was a patch of white plaster, adding to the probability of this as a food preparation area. Located between 12 cm. and 55 cm. from the North balk and between 80 cm. and 1.18 m. from the West balk. At top level 482.43 m. below A8011, above A8015. See Plan 50; Photo 255, Photo 270, 284. A8017 Str. pre XII Debris beneath wall A8005, consisting of compacted clay, ash. Located 2.87 m. from the North balk and between 48 cm. and 1.54 m. from the East balk. At top levels 482.12 m. (N), 482.40 m. (S) below wall A8005 to 482.07 m. (N), 482.29 m. (S) above A8015. See Section North. I.A8.72 7/24/79 EB UDNS MC 4006 bone sample I.A8.79 7/25/79 EB II/III MC 4071 bone sample MC 4076 lithic sample A8018 Str. pre XII Debris beneath wall A8006, consisting of compacted clay, ash. Located between 65 cm. and 1.77 m. from the South balk and between 49 cm. and 2.79~m. from the West balk. At top levels 482.46 m. (E), 482.87 m. (W) below A8006 to 482.43 m. (E), 482.57 m. (W) above A8015. I.A8.83 7/26/79 EB UDNS MC 4147 bone sample MC 4146 lithic sample A8019 Str. post XIII Brick detritus washed down slope following abandonment of Str. XIII. The material appears to be mostly water-laid and water-washed. Consists of bricky material, brick detritus, patches of ash, sandy soil. Located 5 m. from the North balk and 3.25 m. from the West balk. At top level 481.64 m. below A8015 to 481.04 m. above A8031, and bottom level 480.69 m. (c), 480.60 m. (E) above A8047. Slopes sharply (because of pit A8015) to the northeast. This debris covered over surface A8021, A8024, A8026, walls A8023, A8025, A8028. The depth of this deposit suggests a relatively long period of abandonment of the area prior to reinhabitation. See Sections North, West, East. I.A8.99 7/16/80 NA MC 11999 bone sample MC 12550 lithic sample I.A8.101 7/16/80 NA MC 12558 bone sample MC 12559 1ithic sample MC 12560 shell sample I.A8.102 7/16/80 NA MC 12554 lithic sample MC 12555 shell sample MC 12556 bone sample MC 12557 olive seed sample I.A8.103 7/17/80 EB UD NS MC 12563 lithic sample MC 12564 bone sample MC 12565 shell sample I.A8.104 7/17/80 EB MC 12566 lithic sample MC 12567 bone sample MC 12568 shell sample MC 12571 olive seeds sample I.A8.105 7/17/80 EB NS MC 12569 bone Sample MC 12570 seed sample I.A8.108 7/17/80 EB NS MC 12575 lithic Sample MC 12576 bone Sample I.A8.109 7/17/80 EB II/III MC 12577 bone Sample MC 12578 lithic Sample I.A8.110 7/17/80 EB II/III NS MC 12579 lithic Sample I.A8.112 7/18/80 EB II NS MC 12587 lithic Sample MC 12586 bone Sample I.A8.113 7/18/80 EB II/III + UD NS MC 12584 bone Sample MC 12585 lithic Sample I.A8.115 7/18/80 EB II-III MC 12588 bone Sample MC 12589 lithic Sample MC 12590 olive seeds sample I.A8.116 7/18/80 EB II-III NS MC 12591 bone Sample (all of same large animal) MC 12592 lithic Sample I.A8.117 7/18/80 EB II NS MC 12596 lithic Sample MC 12597 bone Sample I.A8.118 7/18/80 EB II-III MC 12593 bone Sample MC 12594 lithic Sample MC 12595 olive seeds sample I.A8.119 7/18/80 EB II-III MC 12598 lithic Sample MC 12599 bone Sample I.A8.123 7/20/80 EB II-III MC 13059 bone Sample MC 13060 lithic Sample I.A8.124 7/20/80 EB II-III NS MC 13053 olive seed sample MC 13057 bone Sample MC 13058 lithic Sample I.A8.125 7/20/80 EB II-III NS MC 13061 bone Sample I.A8.126 7/20/80 EB II-III MC 13062 bone Sample MC 13063 1ithic Sample MC 13064 shell Sample I.A8.127 7/21/80 EB II-III MC 13089 flint blade Obj. 738 MC 13065 bone Sample I.A8.128 7/21/80 EB MC 13066 bone Sample MC 13067 lithic Sample I.A8.133 7/22/80 EB III MC 13076 bone Sample I.A8.134 7/22/80 EB II/III NS MC 13074 lithic Sample MC 13075 bone Sample I.A8.151 6/21/83 EB MC 19013 Shell sample MC 19014 Bone sample I.A8.154 6/22/83 EB MC 19019 Bone sample MC 19020 Lithic 19020, 19020A MC 19021 Shell sample I.A8.157 6/22/83 EB MC 19033 Bone sample MC 19034 Lithic sample MC 19044 Shell sample I.A8.162 6/23/83 EB III MC 19047 bone sample MC 19050 Lithic sample MC 19051 Shell sample MC 19055 burnt Seed sample I.A8.166 6/23/83 EB MC 19056 burnt Seed sample MC 19061 Bone sample MC 19062 Lithic sample MC 19063 Shell sample I.A8.170 6/24/83 EB II MC 19066 Burnt Seed sample MC 19071 bone sample MC 19072 Lithic sample MC 19073 Shell sample I.A8.174 6/24/83 EB II, EB III MC 19084 8urnt Seed sample MC 19093 Bone sample MC 19094 Lithic sample MC 19095 Shell sample I.A8.178 6/27/83 EB MC 19102 Lithic sample MC 19103 Shell sample I.A8.186 6/21/83 EB II MC 19126 Bone sample MC 19127 Lithic sample MC 19128 Shell sample I.A8.189 6/28/83 EB MC 19133 Bone sample MC 19134 Lithic sample MC 19135 Shell sample I.A8.192 6/28/83 EB III MC 19144 bone sample MC 19145 Llthic sample MC 19149 Seed sample I.A8.194 6/29/83 EB III MC 19150 bone sample MC 19151 Lithic sample MC 19152 Shell sample I.A8.195 6/29/83 EB III MC 19153 Bone sample MC 19154 Lithic sample MC 19155 Shell sample I.A8.196 6/29/83 EB III MC 19156 Bone sample MC 19157 Lithic sample MC 19158 Seed sample I.A8.200 6/29/83 EB MC 19167 Bone sample MC 19168 Lithic sample I.A8.201 6/29/83 E8 MC 19165 ballista Obj. 903 MC 19166 balliista Obj. 904 MC 19169 Bone sample MC 19170 Lithic sample I.A8.202 6/29/83 EB III MC 19171 Beads (17) Obj. 905 MC 19173 Bone sample MC 19174 Lithic sample MC l9175 Shell sample I.A8.209 7/4/83 EB MC 19191 Bone sample MC 19192 Lithic sample MC 19193 Shell sample I.A8.211 7/4/83 EB II, EB III MC 19199 Bone sample MC 19200 Lithic sample MC 19201 Shell sample I.A8.214 7/4/83 EB III MC 19211 Bone sample MC 19212 Lithic sample MC 19213 Shell sample MC 19214 Seed sample I.A8.217 7/5/83 EB III MC 19220 Bone sample MC 19221 Lithic sample MC 19222 Seed sample I.A8.221 7/5/83 EB III MC 19228 Bone sample MC 19229 Lithic sample MC 19230 Seed sample I.A8.223 7/5/83 EB III MC 19233 Bone sample MC 19234 Lithic sample I.A8.225 7/6/83 EB MC 19240 Bone sample MC 19242 Shell sample MC 19241 Lithic sample I.A8.227 7/6/83 EB MC 19245 Bone sample MC 19246 Lithic sample I.A8.229 7/6/83 EB II, EB III MC 19249 Bone sample MC 19250 LIthic sample I.A8.230 7/6/83 EB II, EB III MC 19251 bone sample MC 19252 Lithic sample I.A8.232 7/7/83 EB II, EB III MC 19259 bone sample MC 19260 Lithic sample I.A8.233 7/7/83 EB II, EB III MC 19261 Bone sample MC 19262 Lithic sample MC 19263 Shell sample I.A8.238 7/7/83 EB II, EB III MC 19278 Lithic sample I.A8.239 7/7/83 EB II, EB III MC 19279 bone sample MC 19280 Lithic sample I.A8.240 7/7/83 EB II, EB III MC 19270 Worked Shell Obj. 946 MC 19276 bone sample MC 19277 Lithic sample I.A8.241 7/8/83 EB MC 19281 Bone sample MC 19282 Lithic sample MC 19283 shell sample I.A8.242 7/8/83 EB II MC 19284 Bone sample MC 19285 Lithic sample I.A8.243 7/8/83 EB MC 19286 bone sample MC 19287 Lithic sample I.A8.245 7/8/83 EB II, EB III MC 19291 bone sample MC 19292 Lithic sample I.A8.246 7/8/83 NO POTTERY MC 19293 bone sample I.A8.258 7/11/83 EB II, EB III MC 19321 Vesicular basa1t Discard MC 19325 Fllnt b1ade Obj. 971 MC 19326 Bone sample MC 19327 Lithic sample MC 19328 Shell sample I.A8.262 7/11/83 EB MC 19338 bone sample MC 19339 Lithic sample MC 19340 Shell sample I.A8.274 7/13/83 EB MC 19363 bone sample MC 19364 Lithic sample I.A8.278 7/14/83 EB MC 19373 Bone sample MC 19374 Llthic sample MC 19375 Shell sample I.A8.281 7/14/83 EB MC 19379 Bone sample MC 19380 Shell sample I.A8.286 7/18/83 CHAL, EB II, EB III MC 19392 Bone sample MC 19393 Lithic sample MC 19394 Shell sample I.A8.288 7/18/83 EB MC 19397 Bone sample MC 19398 Lithic sample I.A8.289 7/18/83 EB III MC 19399 Bead Obj. 1006 MC 19401 Bone sample MC 19402 Lithic sample MC 19403 Shell sample I.A8.294 7/19/83 EB II, EB IIIC MC 19421 Bone sample MC 19422 Llthic sample I.A8.295 7/20/83 EB III KHIRBET KERAK MC 19423 Spindle Whorl Obj. 997 MC 19424 Bone sample MC 19425 Lithic sample I.A8.296 7/20/83 EB III MC 19426 Lithic b1ade 19426, 19426A MC 19427 Lithic Blade 19427, 19427A MC 19428 Lithic b1ade sample MC 19429 Bone sample MC 19430 Lithic sample MC 19431 Shell sample I.A8.306 7/22/83 EB III MC 19457 Bone sample MC 19458 Lithic sample MC 19459 Shell sample I.A8.314 7/25/83 EB III MC 19485 Bone sample MC 19489 Shell sample A8020 Canceled; combined with A8001 A8021 Str. XIIIA Surface in southwest corner of the area. It is marked by heavy deposit of ash, cobbling and pottery. The surface, including the limestone cobbles, because of burning on the site was thoroughly blackened. The surface was level and even. This surface was located 1.9 m. from the West balk (where it either slopes sharply to the northeast or has been cut by a pit) and between 3.20 m. and 4.5 m. from the North balk (where it has been cut by deep pit 9036). At top level 482.20 m., 482.27 m. below A8019 (on the east) and above A8021.1. The cobbling was located between 40 cm. and 95 cm. from the West balk and between 3.65 m. and 4.12 m. from the North balk. This surface runs to wall A8022. Surf. A8026 may be the intended continuation of A8021. Surface A8024 may also be an extension of it. See Plan 170; Sections South, West; Photo 662, 727 A8021.P Str. XIIIA Pottery on surface A8021. Pieces of EB holemouth vessel(s) were on this surface. See Photo 662. I.A8.106 7/17/80 EB II/III MC 12561 shell sample MC 12562 flotation sample I.A8.135 7/22/80 EB + UDNS MC 13078 bone sample MC 13079 shell sample A8021.1 Str. XIIIA Debris of surface A8021. For dimensions and location see A8021 above. Contains black ash, flat cobbles, brick (since it seems to be founded on in situ bricks A8027). This debris runs to wall A8022. At top level 482.20 m. below A8021 to 482.04 m. above A8027 bricks. See Sections South, West. I.A8.107 7/17/80 EB NS MC 12572 shell sample MC 12573 bone sample MC 12574 1ithic sample I.A8.121 7/20/80 EB MC 13050 bone sample MC 13051 lithic sample I.A8.136 7/22/80 EB II NS MC 13080 bone sample A8022 Str. XIII Stone wall line along the West balk, the uppermost wall in the system of terracing brick and stone walls in Area A8. Constructed of cobble and a few boulder-sized field stones set with a clay or mud mortar and a heavy white chalk mortar. The wall is 2.43 m. long (as exposed in Area A8), 90 cm. wide (4-5 rows showing), 75 cm. high (4 courses). Located between 1.25 m. and 3.5 m. from the North balk and 90 cm. from the West balk at top level 482.67 m. (S), 482.42 m. (N) below A8015 to founding levels 482.08 m. (S), 481.83 m. (N) above wall A8023. In the West section a deep foundation trench was detected for the construction of wall A8022, resulting in the foundation of the northern end of wall A8022 being much deeper than the southern end. Surface A8021 runs to this wall. Pit A8015 may have robbed out part of this wall. See Section West; Plan 170; Photo 622. I.A8.150 6/21/83 EB II, EB III MC 19010 Bone sample MC 19011 Lithics sample MC 19012 Shell sample MC 19104 Loom Weight Obj. 880 Drilled Limestone I.A8.176 6/24/83 NO POTTERY A8023 Str. XIII-XIV Stone wall line along the West balk beneath wall A8022. Constructed of cobble and boulder-sized field stones set with a mud and clay mortar (a thick white chalk mortar/plaster lay on top of this wall). Located between 25 cm. and 3 m. from the North balk and between 3 m. and 3.6 m. from the East balk (southern end), betwoon 3.4 m. and 4 m. from the East balk (northern end) at top level 482.25 m. (N), 482.36 m. (S) below A8022, A8027 A8024.1 (not completely removed; no founding levels) to 481.03 m. Wall was constructed of cobble and boulder sized field stones with a thick white plaster used in part of the wall, clay mortar elsewhere. Wall was 2.70 m. long, ca. 50-60 cm. wide, preserved to a known height of 1.3 m. (8 courses high). Abuts wall A8064. It is possible that it abuts yet another wall at its northern and, but this is so close to the West balk that the Juncture cannot be clearly determined. In Str XIII wall A8023 served with other walls as part of a terracing of the slope; in Str 1XIV it served as a wall of a house with rooms on either side. Used with surfaces A8042, A8048, A8045, A8057, A8059. See Section West; Photos 862, 867, 950, 935, Photo A8048, A8048A; A8055, Plan 170; Plan XIVB, Plan XIVD. I.A8.167 6/23/83 EB II MC 19058 Olive Seed sample MC 19059 Shell sample MC 19060 Lithic sample I.A8.168 6/24/83 EB II, EB III MC 19068 Ballista Discard Pestle MC 19069 Mud Brick Discard MC 19070 Seed sample MC 19077 bone sample MC 19078 Lithic sample MC 19079 Shell sample I.A8.171 6/24/83 EB II MC 19080 Bone sample MC 19081 Shell sample I.A8.172 6/24/83 EB II MC 19082 ballista Fragment Discard MC 19083 balilsta Fragment Discard MC 19091 Lithic sample MC 19092 Bone sample I.A8.173 6/24/83 EB III MC 19089 Lithic sample I.A8.177 6/27/83 EB II MC 19100 Bone sample MC 19101 Shell sample I.A8.206 6/30/83 EB MC 19182 Bone sample MC 19183 Lithic sample MC 19184 Shell sample A8024 Str. XIII Surface of thick white, granular plaster on top of wall A8023. Part of the terracing of the slope and the consolidation of wall A8023. Located between 95 cm and 3 m. from the North balk and between 70 cm. and 1.3 m. from the West balk at top levels 481.8 m. (N), 481.95 m. (S) below A8019 and above A8024.1. This plaster appeared to provide some surface for walking along, perhaps stepping down, face of the terrace walls of Str. XIII. In addition, the plaster also consolidated the top courses of wall A8023. Used with wall A8022. See Plan 170; Photo 727 A8024.1 Str. XIII Debris of surface A8024. For dimensions and location see A8024 above. Consists of compacted granular chalk plaster with pieces of chalk included. Located at top levels 481.8 m. (N), 481.95 m. (S) below surface A8024 to bottom level 481.65 m. (N), 481.86 m. (S) above wall A8023. I.A8.148 6/21/83 EB MC 19001 Bone sample MC 19002 Lithics sample MC 19003 Shell sample A8025 Str. XIII, XIV Stone wall line along the South balk. Constructed of cobble and some boulder-sized field stones, laid in part with chalk mortar. The wall is 2-4 rows wide (85 cm. at its widest point), 3 to 5 courses high (as exposed, 90 cm. high at its western end), ca 2.5 m. long. This wall was found incorporated into a series of terrace walls of Str. XIII. Wall A8025 was originally used in a house of Str XIV. Located 2.75 m. from the East balk and between 2.32 m. and 3 m. from the North balk (at East balk line), between 3.1 m. and 3.75 m. from the North balk (at western end) at top level 481.58 m. (E), 482.00 m. (W) below A8019 (no founding level, since not entirely removed). The wall is 2.95 m. long (3.35 m. into the East balk), ca. 75 cm. wide (2-3 rows), known 1.54 m. high (8-10 courses). Abuts wall A8064; wall A8062 probably originally abutted wall A8025. Surfaces A8021, A8025 run to its southern face, surface A8024 to its northern face in Str. XIII. Surfaces A8048, A8057, A8059 run to its northern face, surfaces A8043, A8044 to its southern face in Str. XIV. The wall in its Str. XIV phases served as a house wall but eventually slumped toward the center of the area, partially because the house was destroyed by fire and partially because the wall had been founded in the deep ash deposit of Str. XV which offered no good foundation. A foundation trench deep in ash A8033/A8050 was observed on the southern face of wall A8025. This indicates that the living area north of wall A8025 was formed by clearing approximately 75 cm. or more of the ash from between walls of the room. It also indicates that the living surface south of wall A8025 was higher than the living surface north of wall A8025. I.e. the rooms/houses in Areas 8 and A8 were stepped according to the slope of the mound. See Section East; Plan 170; Photos 862, 867, 875, 925, 935, Photo A8048, A8048A; A8055, Plan XIVB; Plan XIVD. I.A8.155 6/22/83 EB III MC 19022 Bones sample MC 19023 Lithic 19023, 19023A MC 19024 Shell sample MC 19027 Burnt Seed sample I.A8.159 6/22/83 EB II, EB III MC 19031 Worked Stone? Discard MC 19032 Burnt Seed sample MC 19035 Bone sample MC 19036 Lithic sample MC 19037 Shell sample I.A8.161 6/23/83 EB II, EB III MC 19045 Bone sample MC 19046 Lithic sample I.A8.180 6/27/83 EB II, EB III MC 19096 Bone sample MC 19097 Lithic sample MC 19098 Shell sample A8026 Str. XIII Sloping surface of bricky material associated with the terracing of Str. XIII in the area. Located between 40 cm. and 2.25 m. from the East balk and 94 cm. from the South balk at top levels 481.85 m. (W), 481.60 m.(E) below A8019 and above A8026.1. Runs at approximately 30 degrees downslope to the top of wall A8025. To be associated with the level surface A8021 at the West balk. See Section South; Plan 170, Photo 862. A8026.P Str. XIII Pottery on surface A8026. I.A8.129 7/21/80 EB II/III A8026.1 Str. XIII Debris of surface A8026; for dimensions and location see A8026 above. Consists of bricky material, ash, pebbles and bricks set into the slope to create a sloping surface. Located at top level 481.85 m. (W), 481.6 m. (E) below surface A8026 to bottom level 481.46 m. above bricks A8039. This debris of surface A8026 was mainly of in situ bricks and other fill compacted in a slope. See Section South. I.A8.147 6/21/83 EB MC 19004 Lithic sample MC 13005 Bone sample MC 19006 Shell sample I.A8.149 6/21/83 EB II, EB III MC 19007 Bone sample MC 19008 Lithics sample MC 19009 Shell sample I.A8.152 6/22/83 EB MC 19015 Burnt Seed sample MC 19016 Bone sample MC 19017 Lithic sample MC 19018 Shell sample I.A8.160 6/22/83 EB II, EB III MC 19041 Bone sample MC 19042 Lithic sample MC 19043 Burnt Seed sample A8027 Str. XIII Platform of bricks in the southern part of the area. This installation of bricks was set partly over the junction of walls A8025 and A8023 and was part of the effort to terrace the slope to provide a raised area for structures above. Located 3.8 m. from the West balk and cat 75 cm. from the South balk at top level 482.20 m., 482.04 m. below A8021.1 and A8026.1 to a foundation level 481.20 m. above walls A8025, A8023 and debris A8039. (Not all of this locus was removed.) See Section South, West; Plan 170. I.A8.182 6/27/83 CHAL, EB MC 19105 Seed sample MC 19112 Bone sample MC 19113 Lithic sample MC 19114 Shell sample I.A8.183 6/27/83 EB II, EB III MC 19116 Chalk Discard Natural MC 19120 Bone sample MC 19121 Lithic sample MC 19122 Shell sample I.A8.190 6/28/83 EB MC 19129 Gergatite Discard MC 19130 bone sample MC 19131 Lithic 19131, 19131A A8028 Str. XIII Installation of bricks located in the corner of walls A8023 and A8025 between 1. 45 m. and 2.75 m. from the North balk and between 75 cm. and 1. 25 m. from the West balk at top level 481.61 m. below A8019 to foundation level 480.99 m. above debris A8047. The stack of bricks, some 6 bricks high, may have functioned as a buttressing for the terracing of the slope. Plan 170. I.A8.156 6/22/83 EB MC 19028 Bone sample MC 19029 Llthic sample MC 19030 Shell sample I.A8.158 6/22/83 EB MC 19038 Bone sample MC 19039 Lithic sample MC 19040 Shell sample I.A8.163 6/23/83 EB MC 19052 Bone sample MC 19053 LIthic sample MC 19054 Shell sample I.A8.164 6/23/83 EB MC 19049 bone sample I.A8.198 6/29/83 EB MC 19163 Lithics 19163, 19163A MC 19164 Shell sample I.A8.203 6/29/83 EB II, EB III MC 19178 Bone sample MC 19179 Lithic sample I.A8.267 7/12/83 EB II MC 19351 Lithic sample I.A8.270 7/12/83 EB II MC 19355 Bone sample MC 19356 L1thic sample A8029 Str. XIII Stone wall line in the A7/A8 balk. It is constructed of boulder and cobble-sized field stones, laid with a dark reddish-brown mortar. The wall is 2 rows wide (ca. 70 cm.), 2-3 courses high (30-60 cm.), 2.20 m. long. This wall is located between 3.4 m. and 5.0 m. from the North balk and between 3.88 m. and 5.0 m. from the West balk. It is at top level 482.01 m. (S) below A8001, A8032. No founding level was available for this wall since it was not removed. This wall has been robbed on both ends, but may have once connected with either the end of wall A8025 or with Str XII wall 8018. See Plan 170; Section East, South; Photos 862. A8030 Str. XIII Surface in the A8/A7 balk next to wall A8029. Located between ca 20 cm. and 1.0 m. from the South balk and between 4.0 m. and 5.0 m. from the West balk at top level 481.39 m. below A8001 pit and above A8032. This locus runs to wall A8029. See Plan 209. A8031 Str. post XIV Debris or collapsed material in the northeast corner of the area, consisting of brick detritus, cobble-sized stones, ash. Probably associated with the destruction of Str. XIV. Located 1.4 m. from the East balk and 1.3 m. from the North balk at top level 481.08 m. below A8019 to 480.36 m. above midden A8047. See Section East, North. I.A8.139 7/24/80 EB II-III NS MC 13082 bone sample MC 13083 lithic sample MC 13084 basalt quern frag discard MC 13085 flint blade Obj. 753 I.A8.181 6/27/83 EB II MC 19109 Bone sample MC 19110 Lithic sample MC 19111 Shell sample I.A8.185 6/27/83 EB III MC 19115 Seed sample MC 19123 bone sample MC 19124 Lithic sample MC 19125 Shell sample I.A8.187 6/28/83 EB III MC 19136 Bone Sample MC 19137 Lithic sample MC 19138 Seed sample I.A8.191 6/28/83 EB III MC 19142 Lithic sample MC 19143 Shell sample MC 19148 bone sample I.A8.212 7/4/83 EB III MC 19206 Bones sample MC 19207 Lithic sample I.A8.222 7/5/83 EB II MC 19231 Bone sample MC 19232 Lithic sample I.A8.228 7/6/83 EB III MC 19247 Lithic sample I.A8.231 7/6/83 EB III MC 19253 Bone sample MC 19254 Lithic sample MC 19255 Seeds sample MC 19256 Lithic Blade Obj. 942 I.A8.234 7/7/83 EB MC 19264 bone sample MC 19265 Lithic sample A8032 Str. I Gravel like debris, loose, sandy. Appears to be a water-borne material, perhaps the loose fill in the bottom of a pit (see Area 8, Sections E, S). Contains 50-70% pebble-sized stones. Excavated between 1.5 m. and 2.75 m. from the North balk and between 4.0 m. and 5.0 m. from the West balk. At top level 481.19 m. below A8001 to 480.95 m. above A8033 ash. See Section East. (See also B8South; A7West.) I.A8.141 7/24/80 EB III, one Iron I base MC 13086 bone sample MC 13087 lithic sample MC 13088 shell sample A8033 Str. XV Deep deposit of ash and laminae of brick detritus. Located in entire area beneath Str. XIV foundations. Excavated between 3 m. and 5 m. from the West balk and 2 m. from the South balk at top levels 480.96 m. (S), 480.16 m. (N) below A8029, A8032, debris A8044.1 (S), A8059.1 (N) to bottom level 480.25 m. (S), 479.96 m. (N) above A8035. Cut by the foundation trench for wall A8025. This ash is the same as the deep deposit of ash reported behind the fortification of Str. XV in Areas 8 and 9. Represents the destruction and abandonment of Str. XV. Includes now A8050, A8060 which have been canceled. See Section South, East; Photo 727, 753 I.A8.142 7/24/80 EB II/III MC 13480 bone sample MC 13481 lithic sample I.A8.143 7/25/80 EB I.A8.144 7/25/80 EB II/III MC 13842 bone sample I.A8.145 7/29/80 EB II-III I.A8.236 7/7/83 EB III MC 19266 Bone sample MC 19267 Lithic sample MC 19268 Shell sample MC 19274 Ceramic Figurine Obj. 948 MC 19275 Lithic Blade Obj. 953 Part of Blade I.A8.237 7/7/83 EB II, EB III MC 19269 Spindle Whorl Obj. 947 MC 19271 Bone sample MC 19272 Lithic sample MC 19273 Shell sample I.A8.287 7/18/83 EB II, EB III MC 19388 Piece of Figurine Obj. 1005 MC 19389 bone sample MC 19390 Lithic 19390, 19390A MC 19391 Shell sample MC 19408 spindle Whorl Obj. 1008 MC 19409 Spindle Whorl Obj. 1009 I.A8.290 7/18/83 EB II, EB III MC 19400 Wadi Pebble-worked? Discard MC 19404 Bone sample MC 19405 Lithic 19405-1, 19405-1A 19405-2, 19405-2A 19405-3, 19405-3A 19405-4, 19405-4A 19405-5, 19405-5A MC 19406 Shell sample I.A8.341 7/29/83 EB II, EB III MC 19545 Bitumen Special MC 19546 Bone sample MC 19547 Lithic sample MC 19548 Shell sample MC 19551 Spindle Whorl Obj. 1102 MC 19554 Worked bone Obj. 1113 A8034 Canceled; combined with A8033 A8035 Str. XV Surface of compacted clay and ash beneath A8033. This is the floor of the "guardroom " of Str. XV. Located (as exposed in the 1980 season) between 2.10 m. and 2.75 m. from the North balk and between 4.35 m. and 5.0 m. from the West balk at top level 480.05 m. This surface runs to wall A8037, the northern wall of the "guardroom" in Area A7. See Section A7West; Photo 753. A8035.P Str. XV Locus of sherds on surface A8035. I.A8.146 7/29/80 EB II-III A8036 Str. XIII Curved line of stones north of wall A8025. This is perhaps an installation or a bin. Constructed of cobble-sized field stones. Located between 2.02 m. and 2.68 m. from the North balk and between ca 1.6 m. and 1.8 m. from the West balk at top level 481.27 m. below A8019 and wall A8025. See Plan 209; Photo 727 A8037 Str. XV Mud-plastered brick wall of "guardroom" of fortification system. This locus is an extension of the same wall seen in Area A7. Located between 4.5 m. and 5.0 m. from the West balk (width is unknown). At top level 480.88 m. below L.A8001 to 480.10 m. See Section A7West; Photo 753 A8038 Str. XIII Foundation, material beneath wall A8022, consisting of coarse, granular bricky material. Located 30 cm. from the West balk and 1.75 m. from the North balk at top levels 482.08 m. (S), 481.86 m. (N) below wall A8022 to 481.83 m. (S), 481.76 m. (N) above wall A8023. Material served as a footing/binder for wall A8023. I.A8.153 6/22/83 EB MC 19025 bone sample MC 19026 Lithic sample A8039 Str. post XIV Debris of bricks and stones in the southeast corner of the area. Located 2.3 m. from the East balk and Ha; 55 cm. from the South balk at top level 481.79 m. below debris A8026.1, installation A8027 to bottom level 481.20 m. above surface A8043. This debris probably represents the end of Str. 14. Runs to south face of wall A8025 and over A8041. See Section South. I.A8.165 6/23/83 EB II, EB III MC 19057 burnt Seed sample MC 19064 Bone sample MC 19065 Lithic sample I.A8.169 6/24/83 EB II MC 19067 Burnt Seed sample MC 19074 Bone sample MC 19075 Lithic sample MC 19076 Shell sample I.A8.175 6/24/83 EB MC 19085 Seeds sample MC 19086 Shell sample MC 19087 Bone sample MC 19088 Lithic sample I.A8.179 6/27/83 EB MC 19099 Seeds sample MC 19106 Bone sample MC 19107 Lithic 19107, 19107A MC 19108 Shell sample I.A8.184 6/27/83 EB II MC 19117 Seeds sample MC 19118 bone sample MC 19119 Lithic sample I.A8.188 6/28/83 EB MC 19139 Bone sample MC 19140 Lithic sample MC 19141 Seed sample I.A8.193 6/28/83 EB II MC 19146 Bone sample MC 19147 Lithic sample I.A8.197 6/29/83 EB MC 19159 bone sample MC 19160 Lithic sample MC 19161 Shell sample I.A8.199 6/29/83 EB MC 19162 bone sample MC 19176 bone sample MC 19177 Lithic sample A8040 Str. Post XIV Debris consisting of mainly boulder and cobble-sized stones with a small amount of brick detritus. Located between ca. 75 cm. and 1.35 m. from the West balk and between 1.94 m. and 3.05 m. from the South balk at top level 480.95 m. below A8019 to bottom level 480.74 m. above cobbles A8045. Fallen against east face of wall A8023. To be understood as collapse of wall. I.A8.204 6/30/83 EB II MC 19180 Bone sample MC 19181 Shell sample A8041 Str. post XIV Debris from collapse of wall A8025, consisting of mainly large stones and gray soil. Located between 1.71 m. and 2.43 m. from the East balk and 55 cm. from the South balk at top level 481.50 m. below A8039 to bottom level 481.15 m. above A8043. See Section South. I.A8.205 6/30/83 EB MC 19185 Bone sample MC 19186 Lithic sample I.A8.207 6/30/83 EB III MC 19187 Bone sample MC 19188 Lithic sample A8042 Str. XIII Surface seen in section only in the West balk. Located between 1.3 m. and 1.8 m. from the South balk and probably only 20 cm. from the West balk to wall A8023 at top level 481.15 m. Found only in the trimming of the West section. Sea Section West; Plan XIVD. A8043 Str. XIV Surface of packed earth along the South balk. Located 80 cm. from the South balk to wall A8025 and 2.35 m. from the East balk at top level 481.32 m. below A8039 and above A8043.1. Runs to southern face of wall A8025. This surface was contemporary to surface A8048, but at a relatively greater height. The room south of wall A8025 was stepped up according to the slope of the tell. See Section South; Plan XIVB. A8043.1 Str. XIV Debris of surface A8043. For dimensions and location see A8043 above. Consists of bricky material of medium compaction with few inclusions. Located at top level 481.32 m. below surface A8043 to bottom level 480.96 m. (W), 481.02 m. (E) above surface A8044. Ran to wall A8025. See Section South. I.A8.208 6/30/83 NO POTTERY MC 19189 Bones sample MC 19190 Lithic sample I.A8.210 7/4/83 EB II MC 19195 Llthic sample MC 19196 Shell sample MC 19197 Seed sample MC 19198 Bone sample I.A8.213 7/4/83 EB III MC 19204 Flint Blade Obj. 929 MC 19208 Bone sample MC 19209 Lithic sample MC 19210 Shell sample I.A8.218 7/5/83 EB III MC 19218 Bone sample MC 19219 Lithic sample A8044 Str. XIV Surface of packed earth along South balk. Located 2.40 m. from the East balk and 80 cm. from the South balk to wall A8025. At top level 480.96 m. below AB043.1 and above A8044.1. Runs to wall A8025. The material of this surface appears to be a very thin application of bricky material across the lower ash A8033. See Sections South, East; Plan XIVD. A8044.P Str. XIV Objects (no pottery) found on surface A8044. I.A8 215 7/4/83 NO POTTERY MC 19202 Bone Needle-2 pieces Obj. 927 MC 19203 Head of Bone Needle Obj. 928 A8044.1 Str. XIV Debris of surface A8044. For dimensions and location see A8044 above. Consists of lightly compacted bricks material, much ash (from A8033 below), some pebbles and occasional large stone. Located at top level 480.96 m. below A8044 to bottom level 480.79 m. above ash A8033. (Possible that the top of ash A8033 served as a surface to wall A8025 also). Ran to wall A8025. See Sections South, East. I.A8.220 7/5/83 EB III MC 19223 Ash Sample MC 19224 Bone sample MC 19225 Lithic sample MC 19226 Shell sample MC 19227 Metal Pin Obj. 934 MC 19235 Seeds sample MC 19248 Fan Scraper Frag Obj. 941 I.A8.226 7/6/83 EB MC 19243 Bone sample MC 19244 Lithic sample A8045 Str. XIVBCD Small stone bench or platform along east face of wall A8023. Located between 75 cm. and 1.50 m. from the North balk and between 2.75 m. and 3.25 m. from the East balk at top level 480.73 m. below debris A8040. Not removed; hence no foundation level. This installation was at least three courses high; perhaps the upper course was an addition. Constructed of 2-3 rows of large stones, 3 courses high; 75 cm. long on top course, 1.6 m. long on bottom courses; 50 cm. wide on top course; 48 cm. high. Built in two phases. Probably served in a domestic/kitchen setting. Midden A8047 runs to and partly over A8045. Surface A8048 ran to the second, rebuilt phase of the bench; surfaces A8057 and A8059 ran to its original phase. Built against east face of wall A8023. See Photos 867, A8055, Photo A8048, A8048A; Plan XIVB; Plan XIVD. I.A8.244 7/8/83 EB II MC 19288 bone sample MC 19289 Lithic sample MC 19290 Shell sample I.A8.247 7/8/83 EB III MC 19294 Bones sample MC 19295 Lithic sample A8046 Canceled; combined with A8019 A8047 Str. XIVA Midden of food trash, broken pottery and other material thrown into the room in Area A8 and onto surface A8048. Represents the abandonment of the room in Area A8 and its subsequent use as a receptacle for garbage. Located 3.75 m. from the East balk to wall A8023 and 2.25 m. fron, the North balk to wall A8025. At top levels 480.46 m. (NE), 480.43 m. (NW), 480.62 m. (SW), 480.56 m. (E) below A8019 to bottom levels 480.32 m. (NE), 480.42 m. (NW), 480.45 m. (SW), 480.35 m. (E) above surface A8048, part of A8045, A8055. This material represents the phase of this room when no longer in use as living quarters. Consists of bones, pottery, brick detritus, pebbles, cobbles and discarded objects. See Sections North, East; Photo 867, 875, 920, A8047. I.A8.216 7/4/83 NO POTTERY MC 19205 Seeds sample I.A8.219 7/5/83 EB MC 19215 Ash Sample MC 19216 Bone sample MC 19217 Llthic sample I.A8.224 7/6/83 EB II, EB III MC 19236 Bone sample MC 19237 Lithic sample MC 19238 Grinding Stone Obj. 940 MC 19239 Soil Sample From Mldden MC 19552 Potter's Mark Obj. 1111 I.A8.248 7/10/83 EB III MC 19296 Lithic Blade Obj. 963 MC 19297 Bone sample MC 19298 Lithic sample MC 19302 Soil Sample I.A8.249 7/10/83 EB III I.A8.250 7/10/83 EB III MC 44355 potter's mark Obj. 1304 I.A8.251 7/10/83 EB MC 19303 Bone sample MC 19304 Lithic 19304, 19304A MC 19305 Seed sample I.A8.252 7/10/83 EB III MC 19299 Lithic Blade Obj. 964 MC 19301 Bead Obj. 966 MC 19306 bone sample MC 19307 Lithic sample MC 19308 Shell sample I.A8.253 7/10/83 EB III MC 19300 Ballista Obj. 965 Pestle MC 19309 Bone sample MC 19310 Lithic 19310, 19310A MC 19311 Shell sample I.A8.254 7/10/83 EB III MC 19313 Bone sample MC 19314 Llthic sample I.A8.255 7/10/83 EB III MC 19315 Bone sample MC 19316 Shell sample I.A8.256 7/10/83 EB III MC 19312 flint b1ade Obj. 967 MC 19317 Bone sample MC 19318 Lithic sample MC 19319 Shell sample MC 19320 Seed sample I.A8.257 7/11/83 EB III MC 19331 bone sample MC 19332 Lithic sample MC 19333 Shell sample MC 19553 Potter's Mark Obj. 1112 I.A8.259 7/11/83 EB III MC 19322 Bone sample MC 19323 Lithics sample MC 19324 Shell sample I.A8.261 7/11/83 EB III MC 19335 Bone sample MC 19336 Lithic Sample MC 19337 Shell Sample I.A8.263 7/11/83 NO POTTERY I.A8.268 7/12/83 EB MC 19348 Ballista Discard MC 19349 bone Sample MC 19350 Lithic Sample I.A8.269 7/12/83 EB MC 19352 Bone Sample MC 19353 Lithic Sample MC 19354 Shell Sample I.A8.271 7/12/83 EB III MC 19357 bone Sample MC 19358 Lithic sample I.A8.276 7/14/83 EB III MC 19368 bone Sample MC 19369 Lithic Sample MC 19370 Shell Sample I.A8.277 7/14/83 EB III MC 19371 Lithic sample MC 19372 Shell Sample I.A8.282 7/14/83 EB III MC 19381 Bone Sample MC 19382 Lithic Sample MC 19383 Shell Sample I.A8.283 7/14/83 EB II, EB III MC 19384 Lithic Sample I.A8.285 7/18/83 EB III MC 19395 bone Sample MC 19396 Lithic sample I.A8.293 7/19/83 EB III MC 19419 Pounder Obj. 1018 MC 19420 Ballista Obj. 1019 I.A8.297 7/21/83 EB III MC 19432 bone Sample MC 19433 Lithic Sample I.A8.300 7/21/83 E8 III MC 19441 Lithic Blade Obj. 1035 MC 19442 Shells Sample MC 19450 bone Sample MC 19451 Lithic Sample MC 19452 Lithic Blade Obj. 1038 I.A8.303 7/22/83 EB III MC 19454 Bone Sample MC 19455 Lithic sample MC 19456 Shell Sample I.A8.307 7/22/83 EB III MC 19462 Bone Sample MC 19463 Lithic Sample I.A8.309 7/25/83 EB III MC 19468 Bone Sample MC 19469 lithic sample I.A8.312 7/25/83 EB III MC 19467 Bone Sample I.A8.315 7/25/83 EB III MC 19480 Bone sample MC 19481 Lithic sample MC 19482 Shell sample I.A8.318 7/25/83 EB III MC 19474 Spindle Whorl Obj. 1055 MC 19476 Bone sample MC 19477 Lithic sample MC 19478 Shell sample A8048 Str. XIVB Chalk plaster surface found over most of the area. Located 3.25 m. from the East balk to wall A8023, bench A8045 and between 1.5 m. and 5 m. from the South balk at top levels 480.30m. (N), 480.42 m. (S) below midden A8047 and above debris A8048.1. Runs to walls A8023, A8025, A8062, bench A8045 (B) and pit/bin A8055. See Sections North, East, Photo A8048, A8055, A8048A; Plan XIVB. A8048.P Str. XIVB Pottery and objects found on surface A8048. I.A8.279 7/14/83 EB III MC 19367 Bone sample MC 19385 Lithic sample MC 19386 Shell sample I.A8.291 7/18/83 EB II, EB III MC 19411 Lithic Blade Obj. 1017 MC 19412 Bone sample MC 19413 Lithic sample MC 19414 Shell sample A8048.1 Str. XIVB Debris of surface A8048, consisting of patchy plaster mixed with compacted earth, ash, chaff bulidup, a few pebbles. For location and dimensions see A8048 above. At top levels 480.30 m., 480.35 m. below surface A8048 to bottom levels 480.23 m. (NE), 480.32 m. (NW) above surface A8057, installation A8056. Runs to walls A8023, A8025, A8062, bench A8045, pit/bin A8055. See Sections North, East. I.A8.299 7/21/83 EB III MC 19436 Bone sample MC 19437 Lithic sample MC 19438 Shell sample MC 19440 Olive Seed sample I.A8.301 7/21/83 EB MC 19446 Lithic b1ade Obj. 1037 MC 19447 Lithic sample I.A8.304 7/22/83 EB MC 19453 Bone sample I.A8.305 7/22/83 EB I.A8.308 7/22/83 EB III MC 19460 Lithic sample MC 19461 Bitumen? special I.A8.310 7/25/83 EB III MC 19464 Blade Obj. 1054 MC 19465 bone sample MC 19466 Lithic sample I.A8.311 7/25/83 EB MC 19470 bone sample MC 19471 Lithic sample I.A8.313 7/25/83 EB II MC 19472 bone sample MC 19473 Lithic sample I.A8.317 7/25/83 EB II MC 19475 Lithic Blade Obj. 1064 MC 19483 Bone sample MC 19484 Lithic 19484, 19484A MC 19486 Shell sample I.A8.319 7/26/83 EB MC 19491 Bone sample MC 19492 Lithic sample MC 19493 Shell sample I.A8.321 7/26/83 EB II, EB III MC 19494 bone sample MC 19495 Lithic sample I.A8.323 7/26/83 EB II, EB III MC 19499 bone sample MC 19500 Lithic sample MC 19501 Shell sample I.A8.324 7/26/83 EB MC 19502 bone sample I.A8.325 7/27/83 EB MC 19506 bone sample MC 19507 Lithic sample MC 19508 Shell sample I.A8.326 7/27/83 EB II, EB III MC 19503 Fllnt b1ade Obj. 1065 MC 19504 Piece of Faience Special MC 19505 Ostrich Egg sample MC 19509 Bone sample MC 19510 Lithic sample MC 19511 Shell sample I.A8.327 7/27/83 EB III I.A8.339 7/29/83 EB A8049 Str. XIV Cobbles set into surface A8044 ln the southeast corner of the area. Located between 50 cm. and 1.10 m. from the South balk and 60 cm. from the east balk at top level 481.18 m. below A8043.1 to founding level 480.98 m. above ash A8033. Constructed of a series of boulder and cobble sized stones set against the south face of wall A8025 on top of ash A8033. Apparently used as part of floor. See Section East; Plan XIVD. I.A8.235 7/7/83 EB MC 19257 Bone sample MC 19258 Lithic sample A8050 Canceled; combined with A8033. A8051 Canceled; combined with A8047 A8052 Canceled; combined with A8001. A8053 Canceled; combined with A8001. A8054 Str. I Pit found in the removal of the A8/88 balk, filled with washed material from the slope of the tell Located between 4.15 m. and 5 m. from the South balk and 80 cm. from the East balk at top level 480.47 m. below A8001 to bottom level 480.18 m. above A8019, A8031. Material is the same as 88006. See Section B8 South. I.A8.280 7/14/83 EB, LB MC 19376 Bone sample MC 19377 Lithic sample MC 19378 Shell sample MC 19407 Inscribed Pottery Obj. 1007 I.A8.284 7/14/83 EB MC 19387 Lithic sample A8055 Str. XIVBCD Bin in the corner of walls A8025-A8023, filled with debris and midden material. Located between 85 cm. and 1.95 m. from the South balk and between 88 cm. and 1.60 m. from the West balk at top level 480.48 m. below midden A8047 to 480.34 m. The limits of the bin were set out by a row of cobble-sized stones from the north face of wall A8025 to the southern edge of bench A8045. Contents of the bin were many loose stones, grey soil and ash, bones, pottery, stone pounders and a soapstone pallette. Surfaces A8048, A8057 and A8059 run to this bin; the bin was built against walls A8025, A8023 and bench A8045. Possibly set into an earlier tabun A8065, whose outline began to appear at the end of the season. Function was probably for containment/storage. See Photos 919, A8055, Photo A8048, A8048A; Plan XIVB; Plan XIVD. I.A8.298 7/21/83 EB III MC 19434 Bone sample MC 19435 Lithic sample MC 19439 Soapstone Plaque Obj. 1034. I.A8.302 7/21/83 EB III MC 19443 Pounder Obj. 901A MC 19444 Wadi Pebble Obj. 1036 Mc 19445 Partial Pounder Discard MC 19448 Bone sample MC 19449 lithic sample A8056 Str. XIVB Installation consisting of a ceramic vessel--a jar--set into and below the surface of the Str. XIV room at the East balk line. Located between 1.65 m. and 1.95 m. from the North balk and 32 cm. from the East balk. At top level 480.37 m. below A8047 and A8048.1 to founding level 479.93 m. above ash A8033. The vessel was prepared for use prior to being set into the floor of the room. The bottom of the vessel had been removed and two holes punched through the sides opposite each other. The jar was then set into the small trench dug for it and covered up to its rim. Function of the installation has undoubtedly to do with the holes and the removed bottom, perhaps to allow drainage of material stored in it. The fact that it was below ground suggests a method of keeping material or food cool. (An installation similar to A8056 was found In a contemporary surface in Area 8; however, in that instance the flat bottom of the cooking pot had not been removed.) Contents of the Jar were gray-black sooty ash on the inside of the jar, a few extraneous sherds not belonging to the jar itself, a few seeds, some pieces of brick, 3 small stones, and silted soil.Whatever the original contents of the jar might have been, no trace has been found in Its excavation. The trench for this vessel was cut from the level of surface A8057; hence, used with surface A8057, but was also used with later surface A8048. See Section East; Photos 922, 922A, 952, A8056, A8055, A8048A. I.A8.332 7/28/83 EB III MC 19533 Soil sample I.A8.338 7/29/83 EB III I.A8.342 8/1/83 EB III MC 19555 Soil Sample MC 19556 Lithic 19556, 19556A A8057 Str. XIVC Surface of packed earth located between walls A8025, A8023, A8062. Located ca. 3 m. from the East balk to wall A8023 and ca. 2.60 m. from the North balk to wall A8025. At top level 480.23 m. (NE), 480.22 m. (S), 480.32 m. (NW) below debris A8048.1 and local resurfacing A8058 and above debris A8057.1. Surface was marked by white chaff over much of it, as well as flat-lying sherds. Runs to wall A8025, wall A8023, bin A8055, bench A8045, installation A8056, wall A8062. Cut by Pit A8061, which was set into this surface. See Sections North, East; Photo 935. A8057.P Str. XIVC Pottery and objects found in situ on surface A8057. For dimensions and location see A8057 above. Of particular interest was a chert core on this surface, showing scars for manufacture of both "Canaanean" and fanscraper style blades. The core appeared along with a small heap of other stones in the center of the area and may be seen in Photo 935. The localization of the material on surface A8057 suggests that work may have been concentrated in the southeast part of the room. See Photos 435, 981 I.A8.322 7/26/83 NO POTTERY MC 19490 Ash Sample I.A8.327B 7/28/83 EB III MC 19512 Ballista Obj. 1081 MC 19513 Lithic Core Obj. 1082 MC 19520 Llthic sample MC 19521 Bone sample MC 19534 Worked stone Discard A8057.1 Str. XIVC Debris of surface A8057, consisting of white chaff, ash, compacted gray-brown soil, pebbles. For dimensions and location see A8057 above. Located at top level 480.23 m. (NE), 480.32 m. (NW) below surface A8057 to bottom level 480.15 m. (NE), 480.25 m. (NW) above surface A8059. Runs to walls A8023, A8025, A8062, bin A8055, bench A8045, installation A8056. Cut by pit A8061. See Sections North, East. I.A8.328 7/28/83 EB III MC 19514 Ash sample MC 19515 Bone sample MC 19516 Lithic sample I.A8.329 7/28/83 EB III MC 19517 Bone sample MC 19518 lithic sample MC 19519 Shell sample I.A8.330 7/28/83 EB III MC 19522 Beads Obj. 1083 MC 19526 Bone sample MC 19527 Lithic sample MC 19528 Shell sample I.A8.331 7/28/83 EB III MC 19524 Bone sample MC 19525 Lithic sample I.A8.334 7/28/83 EB III MC 19531 Bone sample MC 19532 Lithic sample I.A8.337 7/29/83 EB III MC 19535 Bone sample MC 19536 Lithic 19536, 19536A MC 19537 Shell sample A8058 Str. XIVC Localized resurfacing of Surface A8057. Located between 85 cm. and 1.5 m. from the North balk and between 1 m. and 1.6 m. from the East balk at top level 480.32 m. below A8048.1 and above A8058.1. This patch of surfacing seems to be a localized resurfacing of surface A8057, near the center of the area. Photo 935. A8058.1 Str. XIVC Debris of surface A8058, consisting of compacted chaff and soi1 with 20% large pebbles included. For dimensions and location see A8058 above. At top level 480.32 m. below A8058 to bottom level 480.20 m. above surface A8057. I.A8.316 7/25/83 EB MC 19479 Lithic Piece Assoc. with Core MC 19487 Bone sample MC 19488 Lithic sample A8059 Str. XIVD Surface of packed earth within the Str. XIV room in Area A8. Located ca. 3 m. from the East balk to wall A8023 and 2.6 m. from the North balk to wall A8025. At top levels 480.18 m. (NE), 480.28 m. (NW), 480.20 m. (S) below debris A8057.1 and above debris A8059.1. The surface was uneven and broken but was marked by a layer of white chaff and ash. Ran to walls A8025, A8023, A8062, bench A8045, bin A8055, possibly to earlier tabun A8065, cobbles A8063. Cut by trench for installation A8056, pit A8061. See Sections North, East; Photo 949; Plan XIVD. A8059.P Str. XIVD Pottery and objects found on surface A8059. I.A8.333 7/28/83 EB MC 19523 Stone Dish Obj. 1084 MC 19530 Lithic sample I.A8.335 7/29/83 EB II, EB III A8059.1 Str. XIVD Debris of surface A8059, consisting of compacted red-grey ash, chaff, random pebbles. For dimensions and location see A8059 above. Located at top level 48C.18 m. (NE). 480.28 m. (NW), 480.20 m. (S) below surface A8059 to bottom level 480.09 m. (NE), 480.17 m. (NW), 480.18 m. (S) above ash A8033. (Not completely excavated; part of the surface remains in the western part of the area. Runs to walls A8023, A8025, A8062, bench A8045, bin A8055, tabun A8065. Cut by installation A8056, pit A8061. See Sections North, East. I.A8.336 7/29/83 EB II, EB III MC 19538 Bone sample MC 19539 Lithic 19539-1, 19539-1A 19539-2, 19539-2A 19539-3, 19539-3A MC 19540 Shell sample I.A8.340 7/29/83 EB II, EB III MC 19541 lithic blade 19541, 19541A MC 19542 Exotic stone Discard Charcoal MC 19543 Votive Pottery Frag Obj 1096 MC 19544 Lithic blade Obj. 1097 MC 19549 Bone sample MC 19550 Lithic Sample A8060 Canceled; combined with A8033. A8061 Str. XIVC Small, rounded pit cut in surface A8057. Located between 40 cm. and 90 cm. from the North balk and between 1.35 m. and 1.8 m. from the East balk at top level 480.22 m. below A8048.1 to bottom level 480.04 m. above ash A8033. Pit was filled with brick detritus primarily; may have been deliberately filled in preparation for resurfacing. Function not known from position or contents. May have been simply a jar stand. Cut surface A8057, debris A8057.1, surface A8059, debris A8059.1. I.A8.320 7/26/83 EB MC 13496 Bone sample MC 19498 Lithic sample A8062 Str. XIVBCD Stone wall along and in the east balk. Located between 4 m. and 4.67 m. from the West balk and between 1.9 m. and 4.51 m. from the South balk at top level 480.75 m. below A8001 to founding levels 480.14 m. (N), 480.22 m. (S) above ash A8033/A8067. The wall was dry-laid, two rows wide and two courses high. Surfaces A8048, A8057, A8059, debris A8040.1, A8057.1, A8059.1, midden A8047, debris A8019 run to its western face. Installation A8056 was built against its eastern face also. Probably abuts wall A8025. Founded in ash A8033. Wall is 2.63 m. long, 2 rows wide with rubble core (65 cm.), 2 courses high (45 cm.), built of both boulder and cobble sired stones. See Photo 949, 951, A8055, A8048A; See Section East; Plan XIVB; Plan XIVD. I.A8.345 7/1/87 EB III MC 54104 Bone Sample MC 54105 Shell Sample MC 54106 Lithic Sample A8063 Str. XIVD Installation or surfacing of cobbles and pebbles in a localized area on surface A8059. Located between 55 cm. and 1.47 m. from the North balk and between 1.57 m. and 2.53 m. from the East balk at top level 480.18 m. (S), 480.17 rn. (N), 480.10 m. (c) below A8057.1. Not removed, no foundation levels. This installation consists of many small pebbles and cobbles set into surface A8059; its slightly depressed center it may have been used to contain a dry material. Alternatively, it may have been a paving of the surface for walking purposes. See Photo 949; Plan XIVD. A8064 Str. XIVBCD End of a stone wall at the West balk. Located 85 cm. from the South balk (at West balk line) and 1.40 m. from the West balk. At top level 481.73 m. below A8027. Not removed, no foundation levels. Constructed of boulder and cobble-sized field stones, 2-3 rows wide (85 cm.), 1.4 m. long, 3 courses high (55 cm.). Walls A8023 and A8025 abut this wall. See Sections South, West; Photos 862, 925, 949, 951; Plan XIVB. A8065 Str. XIVD2 Tabun outline seen in lowest phase of the Str. XIV room in the corner of walls A8023 and A8025. Probably originally used with surface A8059. Located between 1.25 m. and 2.04 m. from the South balk and between 1.35 m. and 1.90 m. from the West balk at top level 480.29. below A8057.1. Not excavated, no founding levels. Appears as a semicircle against walls A8023 and A8025. May have been in use prior to installation of bin A8055. Surface A8059 appears to run to it. A8066 Str. XIV Probable surface seen in West balk. Surface seen as a line extending betwen walls A8064 and A8023 at top levels 481.62 In. (S) and 481.30 m. (N), between 90 cm. and 2.73 m. from the South balk. If this is a surface, as seems probable, it is to be assigned to the final phase of Str. XIV. See Section West; Plan XIVB. A8067 Str. post XV Deep layer of secondarily deposited ash and decayed brick, representing the end of Stratum 15, excavated 1.5 m. from the North balk and 1.5 m. from the East balk at top level 480.19 m. below A8047 and A8062 to bottom level 478.32 m. above surface A8068. Consists of dark black and gray ash, alternating with light brown layers of soil and clay. Contained large quantities of sherds, small stones, lithic tools and fragments, bones, seeds, and snails. In addition, pieces of animal figurines, spindle whorls and a piece of a lithic core were found in the ash. The ash in Area A8 was deposited against the inner face of the Stratum XV fortification wall A8076. In addition, a 1 m. wide probe into the East balk, in order to locate the inner face of the Stratum XV defense wall, proceeded 41 cm. to the east into ash A8067. This probe material has been included with A8067. The locus, like the ash in Areas 8 and 9, showed clear signs of secondary deposition. It was layered or striated, the alternating striations of ash and brick detritus tipping down to the northeast. Curiously, there seemed to be pockets of ash rich in either bones or lithic material or small stones in the cut through the ash in Area A8. Samples of the ash (from Areas A8 and 8) were taken at various depths in the 1987 season for study by Arlene Rosen. See Sections North, East; Photos 1385, A80067A, A80067B I.A8.344 7/14/87 EB III MC 54101 Bone Sample MC 54102 Shell Sample MC 54103 Flint 54103, 54103A MC 54107 grinding stone sample MC 54108 Bone needle Obj. 1573 MC 54109 Seeds Sample I.A8.346 7/14/87 EB III MC 54110 Bone Sample MC 54111 Shell Sample MC 54112 Flint 54112, 54112A MC 54113 Seeds Sample MC 54114 Soil Sample MC 54115 Bone needle Obj. 1592 I.A8.347 7/14/87 EB III MC 54116 Bone Sample MC 54117 Shell Sample MC 54118 Flint Sample MC 54119 Seed Sample MC 54120 Ceramic figurine leg Obj. 1575 I.A8.348 7/15/87 EB III MC 54121 Bone Sample MC 54122 Shell Sample MC 54123 Flint 54123-2, 54123-2A 54123-3, 54123-3A MC 54124 Seeds Sample MC 54125 Flint blade frags 54125-1, 54125-1A 54125-2, 54125-2A MC 54126 Ceramic figurine leg sample MC 54127 Small flint core Sample I.A8.349 7/19/87 EB III MC 54128 Bone Sample MC 54129 Shell Sample MC 54130 Flint Sample MC 54131 Spindle whorl Obj. 1593 MC 54133 Flint blade 54133, 54133A I.A8.350 7/19/87 EB III MC 54132 Worked bone Obj. 1628 MC 54134 Shell Sample MC 54135 Flint 54135-1, 54135-1A 54135-2, 54135-2A 54135-3, 54135-3A MC 54136 Spindle whorls Obj. 1594 MC 54137 Ceramic figurine Obj. 1574 MC 54138 Flint blade 54138, 54138A MC 54140 Ceramic stopper sample I.A8.351 7/19/87 EB III MC 54139 Flint 54139-1, 54139-1A 54139-2, 54139-2A 54139-4, 54139-4A MC 54141 Flint Sample MC 54142 Frag of stone bowl Sample I.A8.352 7/19/87 EB III MC 54143 Flint Sample MC 54144 Bone Sample MC 54145 Flint blade 54145, 54145A MC 54145A ceramic figurine fragment Obj. 1629A I.A8.353 7/19/87 EB III MC 54146 Flint 54146-2, 54146-2A 54146-3, 54146-3A MC 54147 Ballista frag 54147, 54147A MC 54148 Seeds Sample I.A8.354 7/20/87 EB III MC 54149 Bone Sample MC 54150 Shell Sample MC 54151 Flint 54151, 54151A MC 54152 Seeds Sample MC 54153 Flint blades 54153-2, 54153-2A 54153-3, 54153-3A I.A8.355 7/20/87 EB III MC 54154 Flint Sample I.A8.356 7/20/87 EB III MC 54155 Flint Sample MC 54156 Bone Sample MC 54163 Spindle whorl Obj. 1600 I.A8.357 7/20/87 EB III MC 54157 Flint Sample MC 54158 Flint blades 54158-1, 54158-1A 54158-2, 54158-2A 54158-3, 54158-3A I.A8.358 7/21/87 EB III MC 54159 Bone Sample MC 54160 Shell Sample MC 54161 Flint 54161-2, 54161-2A 54161-3, 54161-3A 54161-5, 54161-5A 54161-6, 54161-6A MC 54162 Seeds Sample MC 54164 Flint blade 54164-1, 54164-1A 54164-2, 54164-2A MC 54166 Soil Sample A8068 Str. XVA Surface of hard compacted clay. Located 1.5 m. from the North balk and 1.5 m. from the East balk at top level 478.32 m. below ash A8067 and above debris A8068.1. Runs to wall A8076. See Sections North, East. A8068.1 Str. XVA Debris of surface A8068. For dimensions see A8068 above. Consists of light brown clay, heavily compacted, few inclusions. At top level 478.32 m. below surface A80068 to bottom level 478.19 m. above fill A8069. See Sections North, East. I.A8.359 7/21/87 EB III MC 54165 Flint Sample MC 54167 Bone Sample MC 54168 Shell Sample I.A8.360 7/22/87 EB III MC 54169 Bone Sample MC 54170 Shell Sample MC 54171 Flint Sample A8069 Post XVB Debris layer of dark ashy soil. Located 1.5 m. from the North balk and 1.5 m. from the East balk at top level 478.19 m. below debris A8068.1 to bottom level 478.14 m. above surface A8070. Runs to wall A8076. See Sections North, East. I.A8.361 7/22/87 EB III MC 54172 Bone Sample MC 54173 Shell Sample MC 54174 Flint Sample MC 54175 Broken spindle whorl Obj. 1626 MC 54176 Seed Sample A8070 Str. XVB Surface of pebbles in a bricky matrix. Located 1.5 m. from the North balk and 1.5 m. from the East balk at top level 478.14 m. below fill A8069 and above debris A8070.1. Runs to wall A8076. See Sections North, East; Photo 1385. A8070.1 Str. XVB Debris of surface A8070, consisting of light brown, bricky soil and pebbles. For location see A8070 above. At top level 478.14 m. below surface A8070 to bottom level 477.98 m. above surface A8071. Runs to wall A8076. See Sections North, East. I.A8.362 7/23/87 EB III MC 54177 Bone Sample MC 54178 Shell Sample MC 54179 Flint Sample MC 54180 Seeds Sample MC 54181 Bead Obj. 1627 (stone) A8071 Str. XVC Surface of hard compacted yellow-brown soil. Located 1.5 m. from the North balk and 1.5 m. from the east balk at top level 477.98 m. below debris A8070.1 and above debris A8071.1. Runs to wall A8076. See Sections North, East. A8071.1 Str XVC Debris makeup of surface A8071, consisting of yellow-brown "bricky” soil, pebbles and cobbles, a few pockets of ash. For dimensions see A8071 above. At top level 477.98 m. below surface A8071 to bottom level 477.85 m. above fill A8072. Runs to wall A8076. See Sections North, East. I.A8.363 7/23/87 EB III MC 54182 Bone Sample MC 54183 Shell Sample MC 54184 Flint Sample I.A8.364 7/24/87 EB III MC 54185 Bone Sample MC 54187 Flint Sample A8072 Str. pre XVC Fill consisting of extremely heavily compacted yellow-brown "bricky” clay, pebbles and cobbles. Located 1.5 m. from the North balk and 1.5 m. from the East balk at top level 477.85 m. below debris A8071.1 to bottom level 477.34 m. above debris A8073. Runs to wall A8076. See Sections North, East. I.A8.365 7/24/87 EB III MC 54188 Bone Sample MC 54189 Shell Sample MC 54190 Flint Sample MC 54191 Flint 54191-1, 54191-1A 54191-3, 54191-3A MC 54192 Stone Discard I.A8.366 7/27/87 No Pottery MC 54193 Bone Sample MC 54194 Shell Sample MC 54195 Flint Sample A8073 Str. pre XVC Fill consisting of "bricky” soil over bedrock A8074 and containing few inclusions. No pottery was found in this layer of soil; neither were any shells or other artifacts recovered. Only one tooth was recovered. Located 1.5 m. from the North balk and 1.5 m. from the East balk at top level 477.34 m. below debris A8072 to bottom level 477.14 m. above bedrock A8074. This layer slopes to the north, following the contours of the bedrock. Runs to wall A8076. See Sections North, East. I.A8.367 7/27/87 No Pottery MC 54198 Flint Sample A8074 Bedrock. Uncovered 1.5 m. from the North balk and 1.5 m. from the East balk at top level 477.25 m. (S), 477.04 (N) below debris A8073. See Photo 1400 A8075 Canceled; combined with A8067. A8076 Str. XV Fortification wall of Stratum XV town. Located in a probe between 1 m. and 1.5 m. from the North balk and 4.41 m. from the West balk (in the East balk). Constructed of boulder sized stones, apparently dry-laid. Covered by a layer of bricky clay "plaster". Surfaces A8068, A8070, and A8071 ran to its western face. Ash A8067 lay also against the western face, as did fills A8069, A8072, A8073.
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